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 One    of the most neglected areas of acute and critical care is nutrition. Also,    one of the most litigated areas in long-term residential and/or nursing home    care is malnutrition.  
       
      SETMAs Nutrition Assessment Template makes it possible to objectively    document a patients nutritional status in regard to:  
      
        - Risk Factors for         Malnutrition
 
        - Physical Signs and         Symptoms of Malnutrition
 
        - Chemical and Metabolic         Indications of Malnutrition
 
       
      The    Nutrition Template can be launched from the:  
      
  
      
        - SETMA Navigation Bar         of Patient Data Master template
 
        - SETMA Navigation Bar         of Nursing Home Master template
 
       
      The    laboratory nutritional assessment of a patient can be completed by:  
      
        - Going to the Plan         Template on the GP Master Suite of Templates and 
 
        - Opening the Lab Charge         Posting Template. 
 
        - At the bottom of the         fifth column of that template, there is a button entitled Nutritional         Risk. 
 
        - When clicked 8 lab         studies are highlighted in blue. 
 
        - The boxes next to each         of these should be clicked which will order all of the test necessary to         properly evaluate the patients nutritional status.
 
        - The ICD-9 Codes for         Malnutrition should be used with this set of tests.
 
       
        
        The Nutrition Template is organized into four sections from    top to bottom. They are:  
         
        Top Section:  
         
        The following patient data is pulled from other parts of the EMR: 
      
        - Age
 
        - Weight
 
        - Height
 
        - BMI
 
        - Body Fat %
 
        - Basal Metabolic Rate  there is a help         button which gives details about the patients BMR. If the BMR is not         displayed, it it is simple to go to AAA Home, click on Master GP, go the         Nursing template, click in the box beside BMR, add the patients level of         activity and click OK. The BMR is automatically calculated and         displayed on the Nutrition Template.
 
        - Protein Requirements  Among the very         important aspects of a patients nutritional status is appropriate         protein intake. In the first help button to the right of the Nutrition         button two definitions are given: 
 
  
        
          - Workmanship  a form of          malnutrition caused by inadequate protein intake
 
          - Erasmus -- a form of failure          to grow with emaciation in face of a fair appetite.
 
         
       
      
        The second section of the Nutrition Assessment is composed of three    columns:  
         
        Risk Factors for Malnutrition 
      
        - Inappropriate Food         Intake
 
        - Poverty
 
        - Social isolation
 
        - Dependence and/or         Disability
 
        - Acute of chronic         Diseases/conditions
 
        - Chronic medication use
 
        - Advanced aged (80+)
 
        - Late-Life Paranoia
 
        - Swallowing Disorders
 
        - Oral Problems
 
        - Nonsocial Infections
 
        - Wandering or Other         Dementia-related Behaviors
 
        - Hyperthyroidism/Hyperglycemia/Supernaturalism
 
        - Epicenter Problems
 
        - Inability to feed self
 
        - Eating Problems
 
        - Low-salt,         low-cholesterol Diets
 
        - Stones         (Cholinesterase)
 
        - Depression
 
        - Unable to turn and         position
 
       
       
        This check list not only provides an excellent risk stratification for    nutritional compromise in a patient but also provides an excellent guide to    evaluation of nutritional problems.  
         
        Midway down the first column and next to the Risk Factors for    Malnutrition are two buttons:  
         
        Meds with Nutritional Risk  this is the list of common    medications which can contribute either to decrease appetite or to decrease    absorption. Any patient at nutritional risk ought to be evaluated for the    possibility of avoiding these medications.
          
        Nutritional Risk Questionnaire  based on the following    categories, a score of 10 or higher places the patient at a high risk of    malnutrition. The categories are: 
      
        - Level of         Consciousness/Mental Status
 
        - Self-feeding ability
 
        - Weight Status
 
        - Oral health status
 
        - Food intake
 
        - Fluid intake
 
        - Snacks/Supplements
 
        - Food Preferences
 
        - Medications
 
        - Lab Values
 
        - Predisposing         Conditions
 
       
       
        Column 2:  
         
        Physical Signs and Symptoms of Malnutrition
      
        - Involuntary Weight         Loss  5% in 30 days
 
        - Involuntary Weight         Loss  10% in 180 days
 
        - Wasting of Fat and         Muscle Tissue
 
        - Flaking Dermatitis
 
        - Sparse, thin hair that         is easy to pull out
 
        - Transverse lines on         Nails
 
        - Abdominal distension
 
        - Hepatomegaly
 
        - Parotid Gland         enlargement
 
        - Anorexia
 
        - Depression
 
        - 25% of meals left         uneaten at two thirds of meals.
 
       
      Column    3:  
         
        Print Button -- this creates a document for the Nutritional    Assessment Template  
         
        Malnutrition Information -- these are provider education    pieces on nutrition  
      
        - Definitions
 
        - Adverse Affects
 
        - Biochemical Indicators
 
        - Incidence and         Awareness
 
        - Monitoring
 
        - Nutritional Assessment
 
        - Risks
 
       
      Nutrition    and the Elderly  these are provider education pieces  
      
        - Age Change in Body         Composition
 
        - Causes of PEM
 
        - Drug Tx Weight Loss in         Elderly
 
        - Ethical Issues about         Nutrition
 
        - Nutrient Functions
 
        - Undernutrition in the         Elderly
 
       
      The    third section from top to bottom is:  
         
        Chemical and Metabolic Indications of Malnutrition  
      
        - Albumin
 
        - Prealbumin
 
        - Cholesterol
 
        - Transferrin
 
        - Total Protein
 
        - Magnesium
 
        - Calcium
 
        - Blood Urea Nitrogen
 
        - Urine urea nitrogen --         there is an info button which explains what urine urea nitrogen is.
 
        - Creatinine
 
       
        
        To the right of this section are two buttons:
      
        - Check for new lab  this populates the         lab results with the most current lab.
 
       
       
      
        - Laboratory Dates  this tells you when         the lab was done.
 
       
        
        The    last section from top to bottom has two buttons and is entitled Orders/Guidelines  
         
        General  launches a pop-up entitled Loss of    Appetite/Malnutrition Guidelines  
           
        Family Suggestions  six suggestions which can be made to    the family to improve the nutrition of their loved one.  
           
        The Print button creates a document with all of the information competed on    this template. The information also is added to the document of the Master GP    and the Master Nursing Home chart notes.  
           
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