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				 by Carrie Vaughan 
The Doctor's Office - A HealthLeaders Media publication 
March 2011 
Vol. 30 No. 3 
For the past two years, Southeast  Texas Medical Associates  (SETMA) has been on a journey to be recognized as a patient-centered medical home (PCMH)—although, in truth,  the  journey began more than a decade ago. 
The Beaumont,  TX–based multispecialty  practice began aggressively working with managed care in 1997, says CEO James L. Holly,  MD. “This was an effective way to address  many of the needs of our patients, especially the cost, quality, and access to care by our medically  most vulnerable friends and neighbors.” 
SETMA then became involved  in Medicare Advantage, which enabled the practice to extend  care to many patients who previously could not  afford or obtain it. 
In 1998, SETMA adopted  electronic health  records, but soon realized that they were too  expensive and difficult to manage if the only benefit was an electronic method of documenting  a patient encounter. So the following year,  SETMA redirected its efforts to electronic patient management and began developing disease  and  data management tools. 
In 2000, SETMA determined that to  provide excellent care, it needed to track the  quality of care, audit the care given to popula- tions of patients, and statistically analyze its  outcomes. “We began tracking and auditing  various quality metrics, including diabetes,  hypertension, care transitions, congestive heart  failure [CHF], and chronic  stable angina— most of which were published  by Physician Consortium for Performance Improvement. In time, we expanded  that to include other nation- ally recognized metrics,” says Holly. 
Finally in 2009, SETMA embarked  on its journey  to be recognized as a PCMH. 
"The key to 21st century  healthcare is thinking about our patients when they are not in our presence." - James L. Holly, MD 
Recently, Holly discussed  with HealthLeaders his views on SETMA’s care model, healthcare reform, and the lessons learned along the way: 
HealthLeaders:  What were driving forces behind your decision to  adopt a PCMH model of care? 
Holly: The features  of medical home which  intrigued, attracted, and challenged us were: 
- The process of coordination  of care and the outcome of coordinated care.
 
- The further development  of our team approach to healthcare, including a truly collegial relationship between nurses, medical  assistants, administration, information technology, nurse practitioners, and physicians.
 
- The realization  that the “patient-centered”element of medical home was the ultimate  reality of the principle we have stated to our  patients for the past fifteen years.
 
- We have long given our patients  report cards telling them what they should expect from  their healthcare provider. Now, we have added outcomes transparency to those expectations with our decision to  publicly report process and outcomes metrics.
 
- Our COGNOS Project (using business  intelligence software to build a data mart and auditing tools) enables us to do  real-time auditing on our care processes  and outcomes.
 
- Believing the key to 21st century healthcare is thinking about our patients  when they’re not in our presence and using tech- nology to fulfill the requirements of excellent care.
 
 
This process  led us to seek medical home recognition from  the  National Committee for Quality Assurance [NCQA] and  accreditation from the Accreditation Association for Ambulatory Healthcare [AAAHC], the two bodies offering  evaluation of medical  groups as medical homes. 
HL: How does your model of care work? 
Holly:At the core of SETMA’s practice  is that one or two  quality metrics will have little impact upon the outcomes of healthcare  delivery. SETMA employs two definitions:  A “cluster” is seven or more quality metrics for a single condition  (i.e., diabetes or hypertension), and a “galaxy”  is multiple clusters  for the same patient (i.e., diabetes, hypertension, lipids, and CHF). SETMA believes that fulfilling clusters  and galaxies of metrics at the point of care will change outcomes. The following are the key elements of our model of care:
- The tracking by each provider on each patient  of their performance on preventive, screening, and quality standards  for acute and chronic care. Tracking occurs simultaneously with the performing of these services by the entire healthcare team, including the provider, nurse, and clerk.
 
- The auditing of performance on the same standards either of the entire practice, each individual  clinic, and each provider on a population or panel of patients.
 
- The statistical analyzing of the above audit performance to measure improvement by practice, by clinic, or by provider. This includes analysis for ethnic disparities, and other discriminators such as age, gender, socioeconomic groupings, education, and frequency of visit.
 
- The public reporting of performance on hundreds of quality measures by provider. This places pressure on all providers to improve, and it allows patients  to know what is expected of them. The disease management tool plans and medical home coordination document summarizes a patient’s state of care and encourages them to ask their provider for any preventive care that has not been provided. We believe this is the best way to overcome provider  and  patient treatment inertia.
 
- The design of Quality Assessment and Permanence Improvement  initiatives. This year, SETMA’s initiatives involve the elimination of all ethnic diversities  of care in diabetes, hypertension,  and dyslipidemia. Also, we have designed a program for reducing preventable readmissions  to  the hospital.
 
 
HL:  How easy was it to  transition to this model of care?  
Holly:It is one of the most difficult things we have done. I use the word “is” because  I believe that all of us who already have medical home recognition or accreditation or both are  still in the process of transforming the practice of medicine by  the  principles, ideals, and goals of medical home. The formal process took SETMA from February  16, 2009, to the date we  first submitted our NCQA application on April 12, 2010. 
The transition  is a true transformation rather than a reformation. Reformation comes from pressure from the outside,  while transformation comes from an essential change of motivation and dynamic from the inside. Anything can be reformed  if  enough pressure is brought to bear. Unfortunately, reshaping  under pressure can permanently alter the structural integrity of  that  which is being reformed. Also, once the external pressure  is eliminated, the object often returns to its previous shape as  nothing has fundamentally changed in its nature. Transformation is not dependent upon external pressure, but is sustained  by  an internal drive, which is energized by the evolving nature  of  the organization. 
The currently  proposed reformation of the healthcare  system does nothing to address the fact that the structure of our healthcare system is built upon a patient  coming to a healthcare provider who is expected to do something for the  patient. There is little personal responsibility on the part of  the  patient for their own healthcare, whether as to content,  cost, or appropriateness. 
Transformation of healthcare would result in a radical change in the patient-provider relationship. The patient  would no longer be a passive  recipient of care. The collaboration between the patient and the provider would be based  on  the rational accessing of care based on need, not desire. 
HL:  How is the patient experience different today under this model? 
Holly:The patient  experience has dramatically changed. For  instance, the patient’s care is evaluated on the basis of more  than 200 quality metrics; the patient receives a summary  of these quality  metrics with a recommendation to contact his or  her  healthcare provider to request that any metrics not com- pleted be done and care transition points are attended to; and a  “plan of care” and “treatment plan” baton is handed off to  the  patient so that they can participate effectively  as the head  of  their healthcare team. 
Because of SETMA’s  department of care coordination,  every patient who leaves the hospital receives a follow-up call the day after discharge. This is not a 15-second  ad- ministrative call to fulfill a metric, but it is a 12–30 minute call, which has substance. Selected patients seen in the clinic  receive follow-up calls at any interval determined by the  healthcare provider related to vulnerabilities or complexities  of  their care. 
In addition,  both during the visit and in the treatment plan,  a section is included which is entitled, “What If?” This sec- tion shows the patient how his or her risk will change if a number of individual elements or a combination of multiple  elements used to calculate the risk is changed. 
HL:  What steps did you take to  ensure your providers and support staff  were on board? 
Holly:The first step we took in transforming our practice  was  an in-depth evaluation of our practice by the medical  home standards published by CMS and NCQA. All of our  executive management staff and providers were involved in  this evaluation, which resulted in a 400-page  review of our  practice. The evaluation allowed all of our providers to see  where we were, where we needed to go, and be part of the  transformative process. 
We looked at the requirements for medical home and  designed tools that made it easier to fulfill the requirements than not to fulfill them. We were able to transform our disease management tool follow-up documents into plans of  care and treatment plans. 
We close the clinic one-half  day each month and have a seminar to discuss the ideal of medical home and how we  are  performing or not performing. We have illustrations of  where we are doing it well, and we share that by e-mail daily;  and when we do not do it well, we share that as well. 
We welcome  and seek ideas from all members of our team  to  improve our processes and outcomes. We post on our  website by provider name performance on more than 200  quality metrics. 
HL:  What advice do you have for practices seeking to undergo a  similar transition? 
Holly:Look into your own organization for the creativity  and  energy to change. There are many consultants and agen-  cies  who would like to charge you hundreds of thousands of  dollars to transform you. At best that will be reformation.  Transformation can only come from within, and it can only be sustained by your own passion,  resolve, and relentless pursuit of  excellence. Get counsel from those who have succeeded, evaluate  their ideas, and modify them to your situation. Often the  best help is free. Excellence and expensive are not synonyms. 
HL:  For practices seeking recognition as a medical home, what should they know about the application process? 
Holly:It is tedious  and complex, particularly NCQA. But  that may just reflect my prejudice  about forms; others may  find them simple and straightforward. Currently, less than 1% of medical  practices have any form of medical home  recognition, so the process is in its infancy. It is SETMA’s  judgment that an ideal process would be a combination of AAAHC and NCQA. 
HL:  What lessons have you learned along this journey?  
Holly: It is worth the process,  the price, and the pain. This is the future of healthcare, and it is possible to be part of that  future now. It is not easy, but it is not impossible. Measure  your success by your own advancement and not by whether  someone else is ahead or behind you. In the same way, share  your success with others. The following steps will help: 
- Determine where you are and where you want to be.
 
- Select the template or model you will follow.
 
- Outline the steps you will take.
 
- Develop a timeline for completing  each task.
 
- Be innovative. Emulate the best of others, but expand  upon  their work and make it yours.
 
- Be patient but eager.
 
- Enjoy what you are doing and celebrate where you are.
 
 
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